Roses

Colors are a large part of non-verbal communication. They are assigned all sorts of meanings in different cultures. However, there is a general view of what colors mean when it comes to roses.

	red Red roses are the traditional symbol for love and romance, and a time-honored way to say "I love you." The red rose has long symbolized beauty and perfection. A bouquet of red roses is the perfect way to express your deep feelings for someone special.
	pink As a symbol of grace and elegance, the pink rose is often given as an expression of admiration. Pink roses can also convey appreciation as well as joyfulness. Pink rose bouquets often impart a gentler meaning than their red counterparts.
	yellow The bright, sunny color of yellow roses evokes a feeling of warmth and happiness. The warm feelings associated with the yellow rose are often akin to those shared with a true friend. As such, the yellow rose is an ideal symbol for joy and friendship.
	white White roses represent innocence and purity and are traditionally associated with marriages and new beginnings. The white rose is also a symbol of honor and reverence, and white rose arrangements are often used as an expression of remembrance.
	orange With their blazing energy, orange roses are the embodiment of desire and enthusiasm. Orange roses often symbolize passion and excitement and are an expression of fervent romance. A bouquet of orange roses will send a meaningful message.
	lavender The unique beauty of the lavender rose has captured many hearts and imaginations. With their fantastical appearance, lavender roses are a perfect symbol of enchantment. The lavender rose is also traditionally used to express feelings of love at first sight.

Fact-Inference Confusion

Statements made by people can be either factual or inferential. Factual statements are made by an observer after observation. Therefore, it is limited to what is observed only. For example, if I were to say "Ashreen is wearing a leopard print jacket." it would be factual as everyone can see that she is indeed wearing one.

An inferential statement, on the other hand, is giving your own meaning or interpretation. It may or may not be true or perhaps it is something that is only true in certain circumstances. Therefore, all sorts of problems can arise from inferential statements when people take them in as factual statements.

For example, before I met Little Ashreen, I was told that she is stuck up. Upon getting to know her, I have found her to be the complete opposite. The person had made that inferential statement based on their rocky relationship and his own personal feelings.

Therefore, we have to be careful about these two different types of statements to avoid making mistakes in judgment.

Tan Huey Li

A Model of Situational Leadership

The Telling Style

Most appropriate for the group lacking both task and relationship maturity, is highly directive, the leader who is significantly more knowledgeable or more powerful than the members, tells the group what has to be done. 

The Selling Style

Is both directive and supportive. The leader using this style, sometimes called coaching, tries to sell the members on the task to be accomplished, much as a coach would energize and motivate a team before a big game.

The Participating Style

is nondirective and highly supportive, the leader's focus is almost entirely on member satisfaction and member relationships. A leader supervising a group of volunteers working for a political candidate might use this style. Groups would most likely be commited but might need support to continue their volunteering

The Delegating Style

Used with mature and knowledgeable groups, is low in both direction and support. This leader allows the group members to set their own goals, to define the problem as they see fit, and to progress through the problem-solving process with little leader interference.

Mahira

Mentor

Mentoring is another function of leadership that extends well beyond the small group situation is that of mentoring. This relationship occurs when an experienced individual helps to train a less experienced person. 

Mentoring relationship provides an ideal learning environment. The relationship enables the novice to try out new skills under the guidance of an expert, to ask questions and to obtain the feedback so necessary to learning complex skills.

Mentor benefits from clarifying his or her thouhgts, from seeing the job from the perspective of a newcomer, and from considering and formulating answers to a variety of questions.

Mahira.

Small GRoup Formats

Roundtable

Group Members arrange themselves in a circular or semicircular pattern. hey share information and solve problem without ay set pattern of who speaks when. Group interaction is informal, and members contribute to the discussion as they see fit. 

Panel

Similar to roundtable, however panel participants are experts. Panel is observed by an audience, whose members may interject comments or ask questions. They discuss topics, but turns to expert panel when in need of infos or any other forms of infos. 

Symposium

Consists of prepared presentations much like public speeches. The leader of symposium introduces the speakers, provides transitions from one speaker to another, and may provide periodic summaries. Symposium-forum consists of 2 parts, symposium of prepared speeches and a forum consisting of questions and comments from the audience and responses from the symposium speakers. The symposium leader introduces the speakers and moderates the question and answer question. 

Mahira

High and Low Contect Culture.

High Context Cultures

is a culture which much of the information conveyed in communication is in he context or explicitly coded in verbal messages. People have lots of information i common, and this shared knowledge does not have to be made explicit. 

Low Context Cultures

is a culture in which most of the information in communication is explicitly stated in verbal messages. People do not assume that they share certain information and so make all crucial details explicit.

Brief conclusion : HCC, is less detailed in facts, they get right in the spot, and direct. 

                                LCC, magnify each and every spec of detail, go through and take everything                                     into account and make them significant.

Mahira.

Problem Solving At Work

The Nominal Group Technique

Method of Problem Solving that uses limited discussion and confidential voting to obtain a group decision. It's helpful when some members are reluctant to voice their opinions in a regular problem -solving group when controversial issue arises. Using this method, each member contributes equally and each contribution is treated equally.

The Delphi Method

Uses a group of experts, but there is no interaction among them, instead they communicate by repeatedly responding to questionnaires. it is useful when you want to involve people who are geographically distant from one another, when you want all members to act as part of the solution and to uphold it, and when you want to minimize the effects of dominant members or even of peer pressure.

Quality Circles

Group of workers whose task it is to investigate and make recommendations for improving the quality of some organizational function. People who work on similar tasks will be better able to improve their departments or jobs by pooling their insights and working through problems they share. 

The quality circle style of problem solving is often considered one of the major reasons for the success of many businesses.

Mahira.